Author Topic: Psychology  (Read 16019 times)

Offline Mr.PowPow

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Psychology
« on: January 18, 2013, 12:14:11 AM »
This thread is for discussions relating to the subject of Psychology, you may post your work here or any other material that you believe will help yourself or others in revising for any tests or exams. (However even if you don't have exams, don't be afraid to visit and discuss, learning isn't restricted to school, yanno?)

Offline Mr.PowPow

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Re: Psychology
« Reply #1 on: May 05, 2013, 01:50:22 AM »
These are my notes on the subject of conformity and social influence

Social Influence

Social influence can be described as: How the thoughts, feelings and behaviours of individuals are influenced by the actual or imagined or implied presence of others (Allport, cited in Gross 1996)

The forms of social influence we will study for this unit are: Conformity, compliance, minority influence and obedience and independent behaviour.

Social groups
There are a number of social groups that any one person can belong to, some of these groups include:

Family groups
Friendship groups
School/college peer groups
Work groups
Being a member of a club or society

Social Norms
Social norms allow us to be members of these social groups.
These are the rules or values (written or unwritten) that govern the behavior of social groups.
Therefore, people can only be members of these groups if they behave appropriately according to these rules or values.

Conformity
One definition of conformity is:
A change in belief or behaviour in response to real or imagined group pressure when there is no direct request to comply with the group nor any reason given to justify the behaviour change.
(Zimbardo and Leippe, 1991)

Conformity studies
One of the earliest studies of conformity was conducted by Sherif (1935)
He aimed to study how a group would influence peoples estimates on a task.
He used a method called the autokinetic effect.
He asked participants to estimate how far the light had moved. They were tested individually and then in groups of three.

Sherif
The results showed that when tested individually, participants estimates were quite different from each other.
However, when they were tested in groups, their estimates became more alike, that is, they converged.
Participants were not instructed to give a group estimate, but when tested again individually, their estimates resembled the group norm.
Therefore, the conclusion for this study would be that the group did influence the estimates of individuals. Therefore, their behaviour changed as a result of the group.

Evaluation
This study did show how peoples behaviour can change as a result of group influence.
This was shown by comparing the individuals estimates to that of the group.
However, it has been criticized because the task was ambiguous. This means that there was no right or wrong answer and so it was obvious that participants would use the group estimates as a 'benchmark'.

Asch
Asch was a social psychologist who was critical of the work of Sherif.
He thought that the only true way to test conformity was to test the influence of group pressure on an individual when the group was giving an obviously wrong answer to a task.

Therefore, the aim of his experiment was to test conformity in an unambiguous situation.
The method he used was to put an individual participant into a group of confederates. The task was to identify which line (from a choice of twelve) was the same length as a stimulus line.

Asch - method
The real participant was always last to answer. The confederates always gave the same answer as eachother, even if it was obviously wrong.
There were 12 occasions when they deliberately gave the wrong answer. Asch wanted to test if the participant would agree with the groups answer even if it was obviously wrong.

Results
Participants gave the same wrong answer on about one-third of the critical trials.
However, there were large individuals difference.
About 47% gave between one seven incorrect answers.
About 28% gave eight or more incorrect answers. Therefore, about 75% conformed at least once, but only at least 5% conformed every time.

Conclusion
Asche concluded that people will be influenced by members of a group.

Evaluation
Although this experiment showed that people will change their behaviour in a group situation, participants were deceived about the nature of this experiment. Also, participants felt uncomfortable because of the nature of the situation.
    « Last Edit: May 05, 2013, 01:51:26 AM by Mr.PowPow » »

    Offline Mr.PowPow

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #2 on: May 22, 2013, 12:36:58 AM »
    All about attachment psychology (basically about mothers and children)

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    All about Memory within psychology

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    « Last Edit: May 22, 2013, 02:35:30 PM by Mr.PowPow » »

    Offline Mr.PowPow

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #3 on: June 09, 2013, 07:56:01 PM »
    Psychological views on Aggression

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    Psychological views on Gender

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    « Last Edit: June 09, 2013, 11:34:22 PM by Mr.PowPow » »

    Offline O:\msg

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #4 on: June 09, 2013, 09:06:25 PM »
    Is this a one person topic or can anybody join?

    Offline Mr.PowPow

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #5 on: June 09, 2013, 09:16:00 PM »
    Is this a one person topic or can anybody join?
    Yeah don't be fooled, anyone can join. I just seem to be the only one doing so atm.
    If you have some material to share, by all means share it =3

    Offline Mr.PowPow

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #6 on: June 16, 2013, 09:28:03 PM »
    Psychological views on media

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    Psychological views on OCD

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    Offline shredc0re

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #7 on: June 17, 2013, 09:59:56 AM »
    Anything you know about HSP?

    Offline Mr.PowPow

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #8 on: June 17, 2013, 12:26:49 PM »
    Anything you know about HSP?
    HSP stands for a lot of things, what thing in particular are you referring to?

    Offline shredc0re

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #9 on: June 17, 2013, 12:48:44 PM »
    Hyper Sensitive Personality

    Offline Kiss x Miz

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #10 on: June 17, 2013, 01:58:08 PM »
    There's a big difference between ADD and ADHD lots of people don't know about.

    Offline Mr.PowPow

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #11 on: June 17, 2013, 02:26:57 PM »
    Hyper Sensitive Personality
    Sorry, I haven't studied anything like that. I'll probably look into it at some point.

    There's a big difference between ADD and ADHD lots of people don't know about.
    Are you going to elaborate or not gonna bother? Kind of underwhelming.

    Offline Kiss x Miz

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #12 on: June 17, 2013, 02:31:43 PM »
    There's a big difference between ADD and ADHD lots of people don't know about.
    Are you going to elaborate or not gonna bother? Kind of underwhelming.
    Once a person who is not as dense is interested, I'd be willing to elaborate.

    Offline Mr.PowPow

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #13 on: June 17, 2013, 02:32:39 PM »
    There's a big difference between ADD and ADHD lots of people don't know about.
    Are you going to elaborate or not gonna bother? Kind of underwhelming.
    Once a person who is not as dense is interested, I'd be willing to elaborate.
    Haha, how cute.

    Offline FuyuhotaruP

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #14 on: October 08, 2013, 09:33:25 PM »
    well I haven't started but thought I'd say I'll be starting studies on psychology starting next week

    Offline O:\msg

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    Re: Psychology
    « Reply #15 on: October 08, 2013, 09:38:41 PM »
    What does it mean when I have dreams about talking penises?

     

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